Geography Quiz 3 Answers

Europe

1.-What are the Alps?
Most famous mountain chain in Europe.
700 miles southeaster Spain to the Balkans.
Includes Mont Blanc.

2.- What is the Rock of Gibraltar?
Is a limestone mountain located on Gibraltar peninsula in southern Spain.
It is a British Colony used as a naval air base.
On the opposite side of the Strait of Gibraltar, at the northern tip of Morocco, Spain has its own autonomous community consisting of Ceuta and Melilla, which is also strategically located to control the Strait of Gibraltar. (14 km)

3.- What is Iceland’s leading export?
Three quarters of Iceland´s export are fish.
Due to a shortage of cod they are developing the industry of Geothermic Energy.
Iceland extends its cost line from 22 km to 93 in 1970 and then to 370 searching for cod . Cod War = Iceland vs. England. Iceland invents a weapon that cuts the nets under water.

4.- How many volcanoes does Iceland have?
More than 100 volcanoes. More than 20 have erupted over the past few centuries.

5.- Where is the Black Forest?
Located in south-western Germany is a popular location for vacationing, health resorts, and source of the Danube River . It is also renowned for its cuckoo clocks.

6.- What is a Reich?
Literally means “empire”. The First Reich is considered to be the Holy Roman Empire 800 to 1806. The Second Reich was Germany united under Otto von Bismarck, 1871 to 1918. The Third Reich was the Nazi regime from 1933 to 1945.

7.- What was the Berlin Wall?
At the end of World War II, Germany was divided into four zones, each occupied separately by the USA, UK, France and USSR. Berlin was divided as well in four zones. The USA, UK, and France were united to create West Germany, and the Soviet zone became East Germany. Over two million East Germans fled to the West within Berlin. In August, 1961, to stop the mass exodus, the USSR built the Berlin Wall. The 8 of November 1989, the Cold War ended and it came tumbling down.

8.- What was Check Point Charlie?
Most famous crossing point on the Berlin Wall. Now it is a museum.

9.- What is the European Union?
It started in 1951 when six western European countries joined under the name of European Coal and Steel Community.
In 1993 with fifteen members it was renamed The European Union. And by 2000 they had a flag, an anthem and a single monetary unit, the Euro.

10.-How does Netherlands keep getting bigger?
For hundreds of years, the Dutch have been expanding the size ot their country by building dikes and draining land. This is known as Polders, and are considered a wonder of the modern world. They use it for agriculture, there is no people living there, and they grow tomatoes.

11.- What are the two cultural groups that make up Belgium?
The Walloons on the south descendants of the Celts that speak French.
The Flemish on the north, speak Flemish (similar to Dutch). Only 10 % of Belgians are bilingual.

12.- What is the difference between England, Great Britain and the United Kingdom?
United Kingdom is England, Scotland , Wales and North Ireland.
Great Britain is England, Scotland and Wales.

13.- What are the British Isles?
United Kingdom and Ireland

14.- Where is Camelot?
The sixth-century castle of King Arthur, also the location of the Round Table and its famous knights. (Glastonbury in Somerset is reputed to be the birthplace of Christianity in Britain, and sometimes claimed to be King Arthur's Camelot)

15.- Where is Bath?
Once home of a large Roman bath now it is a resort town, renowned for its hot springs.

16.- Where is Catalonia?
A region in north-eastern Spain, home to more than six million Spanish Catalans, who have their own language and culture.

17.- Where is the French Riviera?
Also known as Cote d’Azur, is located in south-eastern France, near the border with Italy , is a major vacation spot. Monaco is located within it with its casinos and hotels at Monte Carlo.

18.- Where does the Tour de France begin and end?
It changes its course each year, but the last leg is always along Paris’ famous boulevard, the Champs-Elysees. It is approximately 2000 miles long and takes 25 to 30 days.

19.- Where is Gaul?
It was an ancient country that included most of modern-day France. It began as a Greek colony, and was a Roman province until the Roman Empire fell.

20.- What are the largest cities of Europe?
Paris, London, Milan, Madrid and Athens.

21.- What is the European country most visited by tourists?
France

22.- What was the first tunnel through the Alps?
The Mont Cenis railroad, it was also the first major railroad tunnel in the world. Opened in 1871 with 8.5 miles connected France and Italy.

23.- Where does Asia end and Europe begin?
Along the Ural Mountains in western Russia.

24.- What was the U.S.S.R.?
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics created in 1924 after the Russian Revolution. Consisted of Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and the Baltic States. It failed in 1991 with communism.

25.- What do the names St. Petersburg, Leningrad and Petrograd have in common?
Were three names for the same city. Founded as St. Petersburg in 1703 by Tsar Peter the Great. Changed to Petrograd in 1914, and after the death of Vladimir Lenin in 1924 it changed its name to Leningrad. After the fall of the Soviet regime in 1991 once again became St. Petersburg.

26.- Is it possible to drive across Russia?
Depending on the season, since the most prevalent type of road is dirt road during summer they become quagmires and are unusable, only in winter when they are frozen can be driven upon.

27.- What was the world's worst nuclear disaster?
In April 1986 the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine. More than 100,000 people were evacuated. Deaths due to radiation poisoning continue as radioactive isotopes spread across Europe.

28.- What is the difference between the Baltic States and the Balkan States?
Baltic States are Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, because they lie on the Baltic Sea.
Balkan States are on the Balkan Peninsula between the Adriatic Sea and the Black Sea and include Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Macedonia, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia and the portion of Turkey that lies in Europe.

29.- Does Yugoslavia still exist?
In 1991 the republics of Yugoslavia succumbed to internal ethnic pressures and broke apart into five independent countries: Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Albania, and Serbia and Montenegro. Serbia and Montenegro claim to be the successor country and continue to use the name.

30.- What is ethnic cleansing?
Deportation or murder of a minority group within a region. Examples are persecutions in Yugoslavia, the Holocaust, and the killing or two million Armenians in Turkey during World War I.